Early-onset neonatal sepsis as a risk factor for peri-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants.

OBJECTIVE: To assess early-onset sepsis as a risk factor of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants born at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation and admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included premature patients born at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation who were admitted to the NICU of a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil, and born from January 2017 to July 2021. Data were collected from patients' medical records. Early-onset sepsis was measured according to the presence or absence of diagnosis within the first 72 hours of life, whereas the outcome, peri-intraventricular hemorrhage, was described as the presence or absence of hemorrhage, regardless of its grade. RESULTS: Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression models. A total of 487 patients were included in the study, of which 169 (34.7%) had some degree of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage. Early-onset sepsis was present in 41.6% of the cases of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage, which revealed a significant association between these variables, with increased risk of the outcome in the presence of sepsis. In the final multivariate model, the hazard ratio for early-onset sepsis was 1.52 (95% confidence interval 1.01-2.27). CONCLUSION: Early-onset sepsis and the use of surfactants showed to increase the occurrence of the outcome in premature children born at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation. Meanwhile, factors such as antenatal corticosteroids and gestational age closer to 34 weeks' gestations were found to reduce the risk of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage.

Early-onset neonatal sepsis as a risk factor for peri-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants / Sepse precoce como fator de risco para hemorragia peri-intraventricular em prematuros

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess early-onset sepsis as a risk factor of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage in premature infants born at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation and admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included premature patients born at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation who were admitted to the NICU of a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil, and born from January 2017 to July 2021. Data were collected from patients' medical records. Early-onset sepsis was measured according to the presence or absence of diagnosis within the first 72 hours of life, whereas the outcome, peri-intraventricular hemorrhage, was described as the presence or absence of hemorrhage, regardless of its grade. Results: Hazard ratios were calculated using Cox regression models. A total of 487 patients were included in the study, of which 169 (34.7%) had some degree of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage. Early-onset sepsis was present in 41.6% of the cases of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage, which revealed a significant association between these variables, with increased risk of the outcome in the presence of sepsis. In the final multivariate model, the hazard ratio for early-onset sepsis was 1.52 (95% confidence interval 1.01-2.27). Conclusion: Early-onset sepsis and the use of surfactants showed to increase the occurrence of the outcome in premature children born at less than or equal to 34 weeks' gestation. Meanwhile, factors such as antenatal corticosteroids and gestational age closer to 34 weeks' gestations were found to reduce the risk of peri-intraventricular hemorrhage.

RESUMO Objetivo: O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar a sepse precoce como fator de risco para hemorragia peri-intraventricular (HPIV) em prematuros com 34 semanas ou menos, admitidos em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) Neonatal. Métodos: Este estudo de coorte retrospectivo incluiu pacientes prematuros com 34 semanas ou menos, que receberam alta da UTI Neonatal de hospital terciário, no sul do Brasil, nascidos no período de janeiro de 2017 a julho de 2021. Os dados foram coletados por meio dos prontuários desses pacientes. A sepse precoce foi mensurada conforme a presença ou a ausência do diagnóstico nas primeiras 72 horas de vida. Já o desfecho, hemorragia peri-intraventricular, foi descrito conforme a presença ou ausência da hemorragia, independentemente do grau. Resultados: Hazard ratios (HR) foram calculados por meio de modelos de regressão de Cox. Foram incluídos no estudo 487 pacientes. Destes, 169 (34,7%) apresentaram algum grau de hemorragia peri-intraventricular. A sepse precoce esteve presente em 41,6% dos casos de hemorragia peri-intraventricular e apresentou associação significativa, elevando o risco do desfecho quando presente. No modelo multivariável final, o HR para a sepse precoce foi de 1,52 (intervalo de confiança de 95% — IC95% 1,01-2,27). Conclusão: Sepse precoce e uso de surfactante demonstraram aumentar a ocorrência do desfecho em crianças prematuras até 34 semanas, enquanto fatores como corticoide antenatal e idades gestacionais mais próximas a 34 semanas mostraram reduzir o risco de ocorrência hemorragia peri-intraventricular.

Perfil clínico de neonatos de muito baixo peso internados em uma Unidade de Tratamento Intensivo Neonatal / Clinical profile of very low weight newborns in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil de recém-nascidos prematuros de muito baixo peso (RNMBP) internados em uma UTI Neonatal de um hospital público do Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos: Estudo retrospectivo documental com coleta de dados nos prontuários de recém-nascidos com peso inferior a 1500 g internados entre janeiro e dezembro/2009. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 153 RNMBP, os quais apresentaram média de idade gestacional (IG) de 30,07±3,27 semanas, peso ao nascimento (PN) de 1082,92±275,73, tempo de ventilação pulmonar mecânica (VPM) de 13,34±17,23 dias. A incidência de displasia broncopulmonar esteve associada ao tempo de VPM, à presença de enterocolite necrosante e à persistência do canal arterial. O tempo de permanência em VPM esteve associado ao tempo de internação e ao peso de nascimento. A incidência de hemorragia intracraniana esteve associada ao tempo de VPM, à IG e ao PN. O óbito total nessa amostra foi de 40(26,14%) e 60(39%) dos recém-nascidos que receberam atendimento fisioterápico. Conclusão: Observou-se alta taxa de morbimortalidade sendo ela inversamente proporcional ao peso de nascimento dos bebês estudados.

Aim: To describe the profile of preterm newborns of very low birth weight (VLBW) hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of a public hospital in Rio Grande do Sul. Methods: Retrospective documentary study with data collection from medical records of newborns weighing less than 1500 g, hospitalized from January to December/2009. Results: The sample consisted of 153 VLBW newborns who had a mean gestational age (GA) of 30.07±3.27 weeks, birth weight (BW) of 1082.92±275.73, duration of mechanical ventilation (MV) of 13.34±17.23 days. The incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia was associated with duration of MV, the presence of necrotizing enterocolitis and patent ductus arteriosus. The duration of MV was associated with hospitalization and birth weight. The incidence of intracranial hemorrhage was associated with duration of MV, the GA and BW. The total deaths in this sample was 40(26.14%) and 60(39%) of newborns who received physical therapy treatment. Conclusion: There was a high morbidity and mortality rate inversely proportional to birth weight of the newborns of the study.